Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician who led the National Socialist German Workers’ Party and established a totalitarian dictatorship after becoming chancellor in January 1933. A veteran of the First World War, he entered radical nationalist politics in Munich, helped organise the failed Beer Hall Putsch of 1923 and rebuilt the Nazi movement around electoral mobilisation, propaganda and paramilitary intimidation. Once in government, the Nazis rapidly destroyed parliamentary democracy and eliminated organised political opposition.
Hitler’s dictatorship was founded on racial antisemitism, aggressive nationalism and the systematic persecution of groups defined as enemies of the regime. Nazi Germany’s expansion brought Europe into war in September 1939, while German authorities and collaborators organised the Holocaust, murdering six million Jews and millions of other victims. As Allied forces closed on Berlin in 1945, Hitler remained in the Führerbunker, where he died by suicide on 30 April, shortly before Germany’s unconditional surrender.
David Boyle’s Munich 1938 follows Adolf Hitler’s demands for the Sudetenland, Neville Chamberlain’s repeated journeys to meet him, French uncertainty under Édouard Daladier and Benito Mussolini’s role in the final conference, while also considering German opponents who contemplated moving against Hitler if he launched a reckless war. In Rory Clements’ A Prince and a Spy, Prince George, Duke of Kent, meets his cousin Prince Philipp of Hesse, a committed Nazi with close access to Adolf Hitler. Days later George dies when his aircraft crashes in northern Scotland, and official explanations leave unanswered questions about the purpose of his journey. Further fictional perspectives on Adolf Hitler can be found in Kimberley Woodhouse’s A Song in the Dark, Jeffrey Archer’s Adam and Eve, Sven Hassel’s Assignment Gestapo, Sven Hassel’s Blitzfreeze, and Sven Hassel’s Comrades of War.