The Restoration began in 1660 when Charles II returned from exile and the monarchy was restored. It brought back the royal court, bishops, theatres and much of the old political order, though the memory of civil war remained. The restored regime had to manage former royalists, republicans, religious dissenters and a changing London.
It mattered because monarchy returned but could not entirely return to its pre-war form. Questions about religious toleration, succession, Parliament and royal finance persisted. The Restoration also produced a distinctive culture of theatre, science, wit, sexuality and political intrigue.
Restoration fiction includes Rose Tremain’s Restoration, Iain Pears’s An Instance of the Fingerpost, Andrew Taylor’s Marwood and Lovett novels and Neal Stephenson’s Baroque Cycle.