Henry VII defeated Richard III at Bosworth in 1485 and founded the Tudor dynasty. His marriage to Elizabeth of York helped reconcile rival claims, but his reign faced rebellions and pretenders including Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck. Henry strengthened royal finance, used bonds and recognisances to control nobles and pursued cautious diplomacy and dynastic marriages. He died in 1509, leaving a secure throne and substantial treasury to Henry VIII.
Philippa Gregory’s The White Princess portrays Henry’s uncertain early reign through Elizabeth of York, while Alison Weir’s The Last White Rose covers the Yorkist world he absorbed and suppressed. Historical fiction often depicts him as cold, suspicious and miserly. Those traits reflect later Tudor and Yorkist traditions, but they also point to a ruler whose personal experience of exile made security the central purpose of government.
In non-fiction, Henry VII is discussed in Tracy Borman’s Henry VIII and the Men Who Made Him, Linda Porter’s Crown of Thistles, Dan Jones’s The Hollow Crown, Tracy Borman’s The Private Lives of the Tudors, and Linda Porter’s The Thistle and the Rose. In Tracy Borman’s Henry VIII and the Men Who Made Him, Henry VIII is examined through the men who educated, entertained, advised and opposed him.