Book
The Brothers York
First published 2019
Beginning with Edward IV’s victory at Towton in 1461, Thomas Penn follows the three surviving sons of Richard, Duke of York, as they turn military success into a new royal dynasty. Edward IV, George, Duke of Clarence, and Richard, Duke of Gloucester, emerge within a political world shaped by the weakness of Henry VI, the ambitions of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, Lancastrian resistance and the competing interests of Burgundy and France. Penn reconstructs battles, marriages, ceremonies and negotiations while showing how personal loyalty and royal authority were repeatedly tested by rebellion.
The second half traces the destruction of the Yorkist family from George’s conspiracies and execution to Edward’s sudden death in 1483, Richard’s seizure of the throne and the disappearance of the princes in the Tower. The narrative ends at Bosworth Field, where Richard III’s defeat allowed Henry Tudor to found a rival dynasty. Rather than treating the Wars of the Roses as an impersonal succession dispute, Penn presents them as a family tragedy in which resentment, insecurity and vendetta steadily consumed the political order the brothers had created.
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