Prince Rupert of the Rhine was born in Prague in 1619, the son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, and Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of James VI and I. His family’s loss of the Bohemian crown forced them into exile, and Rupert entered military life while still young. He gained experience during the Thirty Years’ War before joining his uncle Charles I in England in 1642, where his aggressive cavalry tactics made him the most celebrated and controversial Royalist commander of the First English Civil War.
Rupert fought in major campaigns including Edgehill, Marston Moor and Naseby, later commanding Royalist naval forces during the civil-war aftermath. After the Restoration he served Charles II as a senior admiral, fought in the Anglo-Dutch wars and pursued scientific and technical interests associated with the early Royal Society. Charles Spencer’s Prince Rupert: The Last Cavalier treats Rupert as a biographical subject, following the military, political and personal phases of his long career.