Thomas Becket was Archbishop of Canterbury and former chancellor of Henry II of England. His conflict with the king over church authority led to his murder in Canterbury Cathedral in 1170 and his rapid transformation into a major saint and martyr.
Becket’s death on 29 December 1170, at the hands of four knights who believed they were acting in the king’s interest, produced an immediate political and religious crisis. He was canonised in 1173, and his shrine at Canterbury became one of medieval Europe’s great pilgrimage destinations. Henry II performed public penance there in 1174, while the dispute between king and archbishop became an enduring symbol of conflict between secular and ecclesiastical authority.
Alfred Duggan’s God and My Right centres on Becket’s transformation from Henry II’s brilliant chancellor and companion into an archbishop prepared to resist the king over the liberties of the Church. E.M. Powell’s The Fifth Knight places a fictional mercenary among the men sent to Canterbury and reconstructs the murder as a political thriller driven by divided obedience. Powell’s The Canterbury Murders shows Becket’s continuing power after death, with his shrine and martyrdom shaping a later murder investigation at the cathedral. David Field’s The Lion of Anjou treats the quarrel as a central failure in Henry II’s attempt to strengthen royal authority, while Sharon Kay Penman’s Time and Chance follows the relationship from friendship and appointment through exile, confrontation and Becket’s killing.