Tewodros II was emperor of Ethiopia from 1855 to 1868 and sought to reunify and centralise a politically fragmented realm. His detention of European representatives provoked the British expedition to Magdala, and he died by suicide as the fortress fell.
Born Kassa Hailu, Tewodros rose by defeating regional rivals and was crowned emperor in 1855 with an ambitious programme of political and military centralisation. He sought European technical assistance and attempted to strengthen royal authority over provincial nobles and the church. Relations with Britain deteriorated after appeals for diplomatic support went unanswered and Europeans were detained, prompting the 1868 expedition that ended at Magdala.
In George MacDonald Fraser’s Flashman on the March, His reputation causes Napier to send him beyond the British lines to negotiate with regional opponents of Emperor Tewodros II, transforming a transport job into an undercover mission through unfamiliar highland politics. In Paul Fraser Collard’s Fugitive, He joins the British expedition into Abyssinia, a vast logistical undertaking aimed at freeing European hostages held by Emperor Tewodros II at Magdala.