c. 3rd century–269
Postumus was a Roman commander who established the breakaway Gallic Empire around AD 260 during the wider third-century crisis. He controlled Gaul, Britain and parts of Spain and created an imperial administration with its own consuls and coinage while defending the Rhine frontier.
Postumus did not attempt to conquer Rome, suggesting that regional security mattered more than universal rule. His own soldiers killed him after he refused to allow them to sack Mainz following a rebellion.
Harry Sidebottom’s Falling Sky sets Ballista’s AD 265 campaign against Postumus, the emperor of the breakaway Gallic Empire. Postumus is not treated as a barbarian enemy but as a rival Roman ruler whose government in Gaul claims legitimacy while defending the Rhine provinces. Gallienus’s attempt to destroy that regime turns Ballista’s service into civil war, forcing the novel to examine divided loyalties, imperial propaganda and the cost of fighting other Romans while external enemies remain on the frontier.