Powhatan, also known as Wahunsenacawh, was the paramount chief of a powerful alliance of Algonquian-speaking communities in tidewater Virginia. He confronted the arrival and expansion of the English settlement at Jamestown from 1607.
His diplomacy alternated between trade, coercion and warfare as both sides struggled over food, territory and authority. As the father of Pocahontas, he became central to later narratives about the early Virginia colony, many of which simplify the political complexity of the Powhatan world.
In William T. Vollmann’s Argall, English colonists establish Jamestown within the territory of the Powhatan paramount chiefdom and quickly become dependent on the communities they also intend to dominate. In Angela Hunt’s Jamestown, English hunger and faction, Powhatan diplomacy and violence, and the different identities formed by years apart have changed each survivor.