Ninth Crusade

The Ninth Crusade, often called Lord Edward’s Crusade, was the expedition led by the future Edward I of England to the eastern Mediterranean in 1271–1272. It followed the collapse of the Eighth Crusade and formed the last major crusading expedition to the Holy Land by an English royal prince.

Edward operated from Acre and sought to strengthen the remaining crusader states while pursuing alliances against the Mamluk sultan Baybars. The expedition achieved limited strategic gains and ended when Edward returned west after learning of his father Henry III’s death.