Mexican War of Independence

The Mexican War of Independence began in 1810 amid political crisis in Spain, long-standing colonial inequalities and disputes over sovereignty. Early mass insurgencies were followed by years of regional warfare and changing alliances.

Miguel Hidalgo, José María Morelos and other insurgent leaders mobilised supporters against royal authority, while royalist forces defended the colonial government. Independence was secured in 1821 through a final coalition and the entry of the Army of the Three Guarantees into Mexico City.